Posts Tagged ‘hydraulic fracturing’

The atrium of the Penn State Downtown Theatre Center was standing room only last Wednesday for the first Research Unplugged event of the fall semester, a conversation with Marcellus Center for Outreach and Research co-directors Michael Arthur and Tom Murphy on the economic and environmental impacts of Marcellus Shale drilling in Pennsylvania.

Tom Murphy opened with the question “Why here? Why now?”

“The geology here is really superior,” Murphy noted. He presented data showing that the first six months of gas extraction in Bradford (the highest-performing county in Pennsylvania) has resulted in more than double the yield of a comparable county in Texas where gas companies are drilling into the Barnett shale.

Tapping the gas reserves in Pennsylvania’s Marcellus Shale will have a big impact on the state’s economy, he said. “We’ve been a net importer of energy over the course of time…but the expectation is that by 2013 we’ll actually be a net energy exporter.”

Murphy explained that yields from the wells are already exceeding early expectations. “Most of these wells are expected to run somewhere between 30 and 50 years…They’re looking at the overall yield for those wells at being somewhere between 3.5 and 4.5 billion cubic feet of gas over that whole duration of time,” he said.

Geoscientist Michael Arthur stepped in to explain the technical steps of extracting gas from the Marcellus Shale, including the controversial process known as hydraulic fracturing—or “fracking. Arthur explained that proper cementing of well shafts is critical to protect groundwater. “As you can imagine,” said Murphy, “just statistically, if nothing else—with more trucks, more people, more activity, with an industrial process—there’s going to be accidents and we’re seeing those occur…That’s likely something we’re going to see again statistically going forward. But the level of that at this point in time, with the amount development that’s occurring, still seems relatively low.”

Fielding questions from the audience, Murphy and Arthur touched on a variety of concerns, including where the large volume of wastewater goes, the prospect of a severance tax for the extraction of natural resources, the impact of well construction on highway traffic, and several other issues.

In wrapping up the hour-long discussion, Murphy stressed the importance of proper well construction. “My concern goes back to the integrity of the well as it is being drilled. The way it’s being cased—the grouting and the standards that are being used there—that’s where my concern is.” And, he added, well safety standards are being addressed, among a number of other issues, by Pennsylvania’s Department of Environmental Protection, with more inspectors being added to enforce the state’s environmental regulations.

Join us Wednesday, October 20, for our next conversation: “The Diabesity Tsunami: Facing the Crisis of Diabetes and Obesity,” featuring Associate Professor of Medicine, Robert Gabbay.

— Kelsey Bradbury, Research Unplugged intern

Originally Posted At: PSU.edu

John Hellmann, professor of materials science and engineering and associate dean for education in the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences at Penn State, will present “Developing New Proppants for Marcellus Shale Drilling” at noon on Dec. 14, in room 301 Steidle Building. The talk is being held by the Marcellus Center for Outreach and Research and the Earth and Environmental Systems Institute. For more information, call 814-865-1587.

Abstract:

More than 2 billion pounds of proppant per year are required in hydraulic fracturing. However, the availability of many of the raw materials used to manufacture conventional proppants is declining. Alternative materials, such as recycled glass, promise both cost savings and environmental benefits.

Originally Posted at PSU.edu

(Source: Pittsburgh Post-Gazette) tracking By Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

Mar. 24–The discovery and development of the Marcellus shale natural gas deposits has been big news in Pennsylvania and neighboring states for several reasons.

One is the massive energy resource it represents. Another is the jump in jobs it could create. A third is the tax revenue that might be reaped. And one more is the concern that widespread drilling poses for the environment.

That worry covers a range of issues, but a major one to catch the eye of the Environmental Protection Agency is “fracking,” the hydraulic fracturing technology that breaks the rock deep in the ground to release the gas. The process injects millions of gallons of water mixed with chemicals and sand under great pressure into a gas well to crack the shale. How should drillers best dispose of this water?

While fracking has been used for decades at shallow depths, the EPA said last Thursday it would do a $1.9 million study of the potential adverse effects of the process at a mile or more underground. The EPA wants to gauge the impact on water quality and public health — and that makes this money well spent.

In Pennsylvania alone, 2,500 drilling permits were issued by the state for Marcellus shale gas wells between 2007 and 2009, with another 5,000 expected this year. The Marcellus Shale Coalition, a trade group, says 1,100 Marcellus shale wells have been drilled so far, as a way to get to some of the estimated 363 trillion cubic feet of natural gas.

While the coalition and others in the industry say they are committed to ensuring a safe approach to treatment and disposal of wastewater due to fracking, it’s good to know the EPA study will provide an objective, scientific view on how well they are doing.

It’s unfortunate the study could take two years to complete, but Americans should be willing to sacrifice speed for thoroughness on a question that involves community health.

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